tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58785497250492895512024-02-22T02:18:35.054-08:00Cellular and Molecular Evolution: Bioinspiration through Modeling and LearningSamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.comBlogger55125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-71142739775717604862019-01-07T09:37:00.004-08:002019-01-07T09:38:18.779-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"><b>My</b> <b>year</b> <b>of</b> <b>orchids</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">Exciting things in the garden</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">I put down my morning paper for lots of reasons. But the biggest reason is that more exciting things are going on in my garden. It’s the middle of winter here in St. Petersburg, Florida. The dew lies like a heavy blanket on orchids that I have hanging on branches and in baskets. I imagine they are pretty happy in their mild, benign winter-rest mode. There’s not too much wind, the day is slated to warm up nicely, and we are in for a few days of mild rain. The world looks good. The plants are fresh and green and perky, and the wetness on their leaves (and on my car) tells me the roots are well hydrated as well. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">I moved here in July and pretty much from the first day I wanted to record what was going on in my garden. There was a lot of basic cleaning up the garden that had to happen first, including a full day of two crews trimming palm fronds and some huge branches that had grown over the roof. First things first. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">The orchids came along within the first couple of months, so part of my “year of orchids” is already over. But all these are stories waiting to be told. Before I go any further I should tell you this. From the very start I looked at my orchids and as an experiment. Not a torture experiment (I hoped) but one that, with close observation, would allow me to reverse my inevitable mistakes. There were plenty of those to come. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">Incidentally or not I was trained as a botanist, specializing in a different group of epiphytes, lichens. So when I started growing orchids, while I didn’t have any idea how they behaved, I did have the innate curiosity of a scientist, somebody who studies things that grow on top of others: epiphytes. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">So almost all my orchids are growing as epiphytes in trees or on twigs. A few, including some rescues that looked dead when we moved here, but which have showered me with flowers, reside in baskets. If you’re looking for orchid growing tips, especially indoors, you may be coming to the wrong place. I’m trying to watch these beautiful creatures as they grow in nature. I want to see how they adapt in the rigors of the wild, with birds landing on them and leaving poop on their leaves, where direct sun may burn them, and where, attached to their trees, I cannot bring them in when the weather gets chilly. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">But cold is relative. We moved down here from Cambridge, Massachusetts, finally escaping some of the nastiest weather Mother Nature cooks up. I used to cross the BU Bridge every day for work, either by foot or by bicycle on my way to teach at Boston University. The Charles River froze every winter. The bridge, which belonged neither to Cambridge nor Boston, was neglected by both communities and went untreated most of the time. It was slippery at best, sometimes impassible to foot traffic. I used to tell my students, “one of these days the bridge will get extra icy, I’ll slip into the river, and your prayers will be answered.” </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"><span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">It’s about 55° here this morning in St. Petersburg. Back in Boston, while the temps sometimes climb into the 50s even in December, it won’t be until well into May that we can count on temperatures above freezing. So I can start by saying from a subjective standpoint living in St. Petersburg is an utter delight. I love the heat.</span><span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"> </span>rning paper for lots of reasons. But the biggest reason is that more exciting things are going on in my garden. It’s the middle of winter here in St. Petersburg, Florida. The dew lies like a heavy blanket on orchids that I have hanging on branches and in baskets. I imagine they are pretty happy in their mild, benign winter-rest mode. There’s not too much wind, the day is slated to warm up nicely, and we are in for a few days of mild rain. The world looks good. The plants are fresh and green and perky, and the wetness on their leaves (and on my car) tells me the roots are well hydrated as well. </span></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20.3px;">
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<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">I moved here in July and pretty much from the first day I wanted to record what was going on in my garden. There was a lot of basic cleaning up the garden that had to happen first, including a full day of two crews trimming palm fronds and some huge branches that had grown over the roof. First things first. </span></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20.3px;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">The orchids came along within the first couple of months, so part of my “year of orchids” is already over. But all these are stories waiting to be told. Before I go any further I should tell you this. From the very start I looked at my orchids and as an experiment. Not a torture experiment (I hoped) but one that, with close observation, would allow me to reverse my inevitable mistakes. There were plenty of those to come. </span></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20.3px;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">Incidentally or not I was trained as a botanist, specializing in a different group of epiphytes, lichens. So when I started growing orchids, while I didn’t have any idea how they behaved, I did have the innate curiosity of a scientist, somebody who studies things that grow on top of others: epiphytes. </span></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20.3px;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">So almost all my orchids are growing as epiphytes in trees or on twigs. A few, including some rescues that looked dead when we moved here, but which have showered me with flowers, reside in baskets. If you’re looking for orchid growing tips, especially indoors, you may be coming to the wrong place. I’m trying to watch these beautiful creatures as they grow in nature. I want to see how they adapt in the rigors of the wild, with birds landing on them and leaving poop on their leaves, where direct sun may burn them, and where, attached to their trees, I cannot bring them in when the weather gets chilly. </span></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20.3px;">
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<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">But cold is relative. We moved down here from Cambridge, Massachusetts, finally escaping some of the nastiest weather Mother Nature cooks up. I used to cross the BU Bridge every day for work, either by foot or by bicycle on my way to teach at Boston University. The Charles River froze every winter. The bridge, which belonged neither to Cambridge nor Boston, was neglected by both communities and went untreated most of the time. It was slippery at best, sometimes impassible to foot traffic. I used to tell my students, “one of these days the bridge will get extra icy, I’ll slip into the river, and your prayers will be answered.” </span></div>
<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20.3px;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;"></span><br /></div>
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<div style="color: #454545; font-family: ".SF UI Text"; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: ".sfuitext"; font-size: 17pt;">It’s about 55° here this morning in St. Petersburg. Back in Boston, while the temps sometimes climb into the 50s even in December, it won’t be until well into May that we can count on temperatures above freezing. So I can start by saying from a subjective standpoint living in St. Petersburg is an utter delight. I love the heat. </span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-29491373816635979472017-02-23T11:32:00.002-08:002017-02-23T11:32:17.759-08:00How we learn best<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-23380997811648388012017-02-23T11:11:00.000-08:002017-02-23T11:11:06.710-08:00Connecting and learning<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span class="" id="docs-internal-guid-ed47da46-618e-f02f-4cd4-d4d38da760af"><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In today’s lab, we </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">made</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> a 3D semi-permeable phospholipid bilayer cell membrane </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">organized</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> with polar proteins and carbohydrate chains. At the beginning, we were unsure on how to </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">plan </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">our model, but after researching and </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">discussing</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> on the structure of cell membranes, we decided to build a box-like membrane </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">attached</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> with zoomer tools. The building process demonstrated a pattern of </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">measurement </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">as we all had to agree on the size and shape of the model. Building a cell membrane based on </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">observation</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> was not a simple task. Many zoomer tools began to separate from each other, not to mention that we attempted to build large proteins that stick out from the membrane to </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">show </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">polarity between the phosphate region and the protein. Our model is selectively permeable and “semipermeable” in the phosphate region, (as we </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">studied</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> in class), because cellular membranes allow substances to move across with the help of embedded proteins. When we built our model, we realized how easy it is to </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">distinguish </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">permeability in a cell. </span></span></div>
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<span class="" id="docs-internal-guid-ed47da46-6195-dd98-7b75-2f1f191e6ba9"><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Connecting</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> is an intuitive way of learning. In using zoom-tools, we were able to work almost effortlessly to create a very complex membrane. Of course, we had an underlying strategy--to build a boxlike figure that had both lipids and proteins and that was about two feet wide. But after splitting up, we were able to connect the tools to mimic different pieces of a semi permeable bilayer phospholipid membrane. In this mindless work of connecting tools, there is also a layer of </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">imagination</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> that takes place. In mimicking the real world, we have learned that we should not make straight lines, but vary them. This takes some imagination, but this imagination comes naturally--sometimes being imaginative is literally thinking outside the box and not making perfectly straight lines. In this lab we learned that connection and imagination are in fact connected, but both are part of our makeup. </span></span></div>
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<span class="" id="docs-internal-guid-ed47da46-6196-0113-00b9-6c8363a647ac"><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Planning</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> was difficult because most of the times you see a phospholipid bilayer it will be a 2d picture rather than a 3d picture. Transforming the bilayer into a three dimensional form was a real frustrating struggle but through </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">cooperation </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">we were able to </span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">manipulate</span><span class="" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> the zometools into something that resembles a phospholipid bilayer membrane. We originally decided to design each phosphate group individually but as your suggestion stated that is not a valid strategy. Instead, we designed the exterior support structure en masse and added the core components of the bilayer later. Instead of looking at each small piece we looked at the structure in a holistic view.</span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-29618678497299568392017-02-23T11:07:00.002-08:002017-02-23T11:07:09.547-08:00Representing relationships<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b id="docs-internal-guid-855c3b20-6c5e-4226-1e38-c3a5cadf633a" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></b><br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As we built the proteins, we tried to form a structure that adequately represented the relationship between the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane and the proteins with which this barrier interacts. Throughout the process, we examined how this interaction relates to concepts of permeability, and how permeability can be applied to making the invisible visible. The form of the phospholipids and the way in which they interact with proteins are usually, literally invisible. While this lab did make the concept of a phospholipid bilayer tangible, it more importantly brought the concept of permeability to the surface. In what ways can permeability bring to the foreground things that are usually overlooked or unnoticed? Can social permeability in the form of exploration and new experiences benefit collaboration and the development of common ground? Can unexpected connections be drawn between one another, similar to the unexpected connections drawn between polar bonds and the way they shape a biological process? During this lab, trial and error were employed to explore newer and more effective ways to show phospholipid bonds. We had to structure our phospholipid bilayer multiple times, trying to create an uneven planar surface that still was representative of all aspects: polarity, fatty acid tails, protein, and the phospholipid. </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This lab explored how permeability can be applied to biological process, but it also helped us to understand more about permeability, on a broader scale. With this new understanding, the concept of permeability can be used in other aspects of life (not limited to scientific application). For instance, permeability can help us to understand more about art and music. Just like permeability can help shape biological processes, it is also key in shaping how art is created, or how an audience responds to a musical performance.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Permeability can be present on both a biological level and on a societal level. </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Chinese rock referenced in today’s lab is a prime example of the intersectionality between physical permeability and social permeability. The rock exhibits physical characteristics of permeability through its porous structure, yet retains cultural and aesthetic permeability through its inclusion as a work of art. </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> To conclude, scientific terms are not just limited to science, and by accepting this, we are able to understand how all facets of society relate to one another. </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="468" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/ndkUku1RRdxPE0pLA0sUFiELK-xP1qTNpgVvhN4mzNsvUPLMBSVzsF6g8loiHXBzIdt6AE-PZntmMJLHtrEL3GcgyBy1rWM2XT6Us-ZUVtXsC1teCzVqfp0PoYnRzk-0MT3E5Lvm" style="-webkit-transform: rotate(0.00rad); border: none; transform: rotate(0.00rad);" width="624" /></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="468" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/lsH_VM6G_nE7iyaUtCLGEzoe8ocZdo52MW6NwqZvaCW8aLfQCt3yTwUvEmln8CsQGcUoWrXL6xePlajni4MENcSYPpOTbnvmGr848Ldzh8kaMczX6chJDN8QpPEC4vza0_TmBgbU" style="-webkit-transform: rotate(0.00rad); border: none; transform: rotate(0.00rad);" width="624" /></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By using the different colors, we are depicting the concept of polarity. The blue is the fatty acid tail, the red represents the polar bond, the white balls represent the phospholipid, and the large green structure represents the protein. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">As a group, our most common words to describe our process are Sorting, Trying, Building, Attaching, and Creating. Building, Attaching and Creating are the most relevant to today’s lab. </span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><img height="371" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/PvrUJSetEn3z68n-FRm9_t54hHJEFwrV9-os6UTb5i1IQofZBb7S2-00Wmyz7E7fq0rfNkyFLSTW7qYhRweUnXWYPu1k3oYdoO-sXKmWgGYxuAMOTH4mEAyUffpBU9qCHokCiDje" style="-webkit-transform: rotate(0.00rad); border: none; transform: rotate(0.00rad);" title="Chart" width="600" /></span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-8755754080888345732017-02-23T11:05:00.004-08:002017-02-23T11:05:27.791-08:00Building, imagining, and thinking<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" id="gmail-docs-internal-guid-624fe3bb-6193-b47f-bf72-ca4cdb014b41" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">When building the model of the phospholipid membrane and the protein, we obviously spent a large time</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">building </span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">the model. By trying out and fitting different pieces together, we saw the membrane and protein start to take place. But, before we could build, we had to</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;"> imagine</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> what our model would look like. By using our knowledge of phospholipids gained in class, we had a rough idea, but some google searches and sketches helped iron out our plan. We began the process by building our own sections individually, while </span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">collaborating </span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">on how the final product would look like. Eventually, we </span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;">contributed</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> to each other’s pieces, arranging and combining our separate parts into a homogenous membrane. Then, we had to build our protein, which had to go through the membrane. We thankfully had left a gap in our membrane for the protein to exist, but it took couple tries for us to figure out to how to best represent the protein. Our first attempt did not go very well, but by</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline;"> thinking</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">, along with some teacher input, we found a way to represent the protein existing through the membrane, and making it defined on both sides.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;" /><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">We went to great lengths to make our membrane permeable. By representing it as not a box, but as a 3D, imperfect, biological structure, we hopefully came as close as we could to representing a membrane as it exists in nature. Permeability was executed by assuring that the “walls” were not solid, and that the protein stuck through the membrane, showing how phospholipids can move out of the way for the protein, then move back into envelope the protein. It is this co-existence between the membrane and the protein that assures that they can both exist and perform their requisite functions.</span></span><br />
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-14266842874929846242017-02-23T11:03:00.001-08:002017-02-23T11:03:42.636-08:00Experimenting and failing to achieve success: Building proteins and membranes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Learning styles differ from person to person, but everyone has a path to successful learning and an approach to the way in which they learn effectively. The past few weeks in lab--whether in the classroom or at the MFA-- we have employed our way of learning in many ways. The list of words and how we learn differed from person to person, but there was also an overlap on key words. These key words identify how though learning can be individual and different there are also similarities and patterns.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The main words found throughout our group were: building, creating, laughing, observing, and planning. Each of these five things have followed us throughout the weeks and we have built not only structures with Zometools, but friendships amongst one another. Building requires a number of pre-requisites such as observing and planning, which are two of our other five main words. At the same time, building requires nothing! There is permeability and change within everything, therefore in the process of creating we need to laugh, imagine, and pretend.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Annie and Liam began their building process laughing and creating. They decided to use the primary colors for the sticks and connected them to the white balls. They worked together to find a way to best represent a "working protein" for their model. They also understood that it required consideration and contemplation. Saed and Melissa worked first with yellow and blue sticks, but found that the lines were straight, they had to reassess the approach they were taking, but that is ok! They are on the path to learning and understanding. Pat and I worked together to make a graph and create a blogpost. We analyzed the way in which our group members worked together to represent proteins and membranes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Through the lab in week five, our team recognized that we have different learning styles and approaches. By providing us a list of words to describe our learning, our similarities and differences were presented in front of us. Rather than impeding our learning, our differences helped us expand on our knowledge and our similarities create even more strength throughout our team. Our final product was spectacular and even more importantly, we left with a more diverse understanding of how things work.</span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-7150880724763649312017-02-23T10:59:00.001-08:002017-02-23T10:59:57.131-08:00How do you describe your learning process?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">We may not have realized it at first, but after doing all these labs, all of us used “thinking” as a way to describe our learning progress. We think all the time! We’re thinking right now. Thinking is easy, but focusing our thoughts to formulate the deliverables in all these labs requires much more. That’s where these other adjectives come in: Deciding, Organizing, Connecting, and Talking. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Talking is a way to express out thoughts. Some of us speak our minds and others keep their thoughts to themselves. The more extroverted students in the lab will speak, while more introverted students confirm or contradict their statements in their minds. Each kind of person nevertheless contributes since we all have to tweets to express our thoughts. In the end, talking is a form of verbal thought. Talking helps the entire group come to a consensus, especially in decision making. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">After all the talking, we must make some decisions. In the decision making process, after all the talking has taken place, it is usually one student that decides verbally for the entire group, but verbal and expressional approval is almost always made. For example in this lab, two people decided how the structure was going to be made, but towards the end they were stuck. The rest of the group decided together that the protein should be much bigger than the two students originally thought. Decision making is still collaborative, but it wasn’t until one student in the lab made the protein with the zometools that we agreed with her. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For the first aspect of this lab it was especially important for us to organize who does what. Since there was a time limit for this lab period, it was incredibly important for us to divvy up our positions in order to maximize effectiveness. We use organizational skills every single day, from deciding how to balance our schedules to simply selecting our diet at the dining hall. While participating in lab, it is especially important that we maintain an organized group to ensure that we can complete each aspect of the lab to maximize our grades. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Connecting is a way in which we apply what we are learning in lecture to the hands-on activities of lab. Whether it was physically connecting the zometools together to create the selectively permeable membrane, or mentally drawing upon information from lecture to connect how to build the structure for images on the powerpoint in lecture. We establish connections in our daily lives outside of the classroom as well. From connecting our schedules to ensure that we get to the bus stop or T stop on time; to connecting on a mental, or emotional level with peers and friends. We as humans embrace connectivity in the classroom as well as in our daily lives. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img height="389" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/TXAbOkYzyrnF2gSzwJzb0cSA10_AgnDoSXJK7yD-P6iXvnrrkPWvwdfCceQa7ieFA4E6CHJcg5elA89AtwWiYjUWO2TYkuL9J_R9DFRjfX-rvty-1Fzxx0uMHCwIUNBFuGdh5ID6" style="border: none; transform: rotate(0rad);" width="624" /></span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-32289823246764592612017-02-23T10:56:00.005-08:002017-02-23T10:56:51.807-08:00Connecting the dots (aka proteins)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The lab today was made up of two parts. The first part of the lab consisted of reading blog posts to get a more complete understanding of permeability. Through the writings Dr. Rita Levi-Montalcini, we were able to connect the ideas of permeability beyond the the natural world and into the way that thought and ideas can permeate in a group of people.</span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In the second part, we designed and built a phospholipid bilayer out of Zometools. It was difficult because we weren’t allowed to have straight lines, but through experimenting and trial and error, we were able to use the straight tools while creating a model that was more like real life. Textbook phospholipids are straight, flat and rigid whereas the ones in real life are not straight at all. The best part was fitting in the permeating proteins because </span><span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">one of them we actually attached to the structure but some we realized could just be placed in because they fit so nicely. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While building our membrane and protein out of Zometools, we found ourselves incorporating many of the words we later chose on the list. When building, we experimented and tried various different shapes for our creation. We comprehensively connected this building to the study of membranes, proteins, and permeability from class.</span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this lab we went out to create a phospholipid bilayer the main difficulty was to try and create a symmetrical yet functional piece that formed the correct shape. Connecting the individual structures we created with the Zometools allowed us to expand our structure. In the end, our structure was a big collaboration of different sizes phospholipids with a couple of large proteins extending through it. We demonstrated the permeability of our structure with another structure by passing one through the other. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">However through sheer force of will we were able to create something new and amazing. We were able to create a structure that was both functional and also able to support the proteins within it. Another particular obstacle was making it permeable and structurally sound. </span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Today, we had to read articles that enhanced our understanding of permeability from the perspective of art, not just biology. We chose the words laughing, building, connecting, observing, and experimenting because that is what we did during this experiment. We worked together to connect the zometools to build proteins and a phospholipid bilayer. We experimented with different shapes and forms and observed each other, accepting constructive criticism from one another so that we could improve on our work and move forward as a group. We were laughing all the while; maintaining a positive attitude is the key to the power of play, it stimulates curiosity and enhances understanding. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><img alt="<unnamed.png>" class="Apple-web-attachment" src="cid:B3BAF3E2-F92B-4C13-A500-4936E566C7C4@domain.actdsltmp" style="font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 16px;" /></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-7507500179682083152017-02-23T10:55:00.002-08:002017-02-23T10:55:21.402-08:00Creating a cell membrane<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; line-height: 150%;">The
focus of today’s lab was to create a permeable structure using sticks and
balls. But before we started creating the structure we read several articles
that expanded our definition of the word permeability. While reading the first
article we realized that human beings can also be described as permeable. For
example, someone that is open and has an inviting personality can be seen as
permeable just as a tablecloth can be seen as permeable. After thinking about
the meaning behind the second article we saw that there is a connection between
the rocks holes and the permeability of our thought processes. A permeable
brain is a brain that allows different ideas to flow in it and this allows us
to grow as people. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="color: black; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Once we finished reading these articles we spent a lot of time
planning out how we wanted to build the structure. Three different structures
were built during the process. Two membrane structures and one protein was
created using a series of patterned stick and ball formations. Once each was
individually constructed, our group then proceeded to connect all of the
structures into one working system. At first our group was a little confused
when deciding how to begin. Should we all start arranging one cohesive
structure together? Or would it be better to work individually and then connect
them? We found that the best way was to split the process. We had two membrane
teams and a protein team. We knew that proteins were imbedded into
membranes so that was why we bonded those two together. One membrane was
placed at the top of the structure and the other at the bottom. The protein
stood between the two. In the end the molecule resembled one unit. The three
parts were not distinguishable. </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-79147164734594849682017-02-23T10:53:00.003-08:002017-02-23T10:53:25.484-08:00Model building: an exercise for the hands, eyes, and mind<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Today, what we did in lab was mostly based on the materials
we learned last week and this week, semi-permeable phospholipid bilayer
membrane. Therefore, we used zometool kit to build a version of semi-permeable
phospholipid bilayer membrane.</span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Throughout the process, our group examined how this
interaction between materials relates to concepts of permeability, and how
permeability can be applied to our main focus this semester: making the
invisible become visible. A visible form would be the phospholipids and their
interactions with the proteins. We started off doing everything in pieces,
eventually putting together the individual parts into one whole membrane. The
protein was the hardest part to make, and because of that, we left it last.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Permeability is the exact state of a
given material that allows the absorption of liquids, gases and other chemicals
through the object’s membranes. Permeability and porosity, although similar as
both allow for the passing of liquids, are slightly different. Porosity, is the
measure of the amount of space in the object in which the liquids or gases can
pass through. Examples of this would be cracks, holes or small cavities in the
object. Permeability is how easily the liquid or gas passes through said
cavities. High permeability allows the fluids to move more efficiently and
quickly through the rocks. An example of a rock that is permeable would be
sandstone because that particular rock has grains in which fluids can pass
through more easily than other types of rock.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In relating to our topic on shapes and patterns. The
phospholipid bilayer is a recurring pattern in nature. This is helped as it is
made with hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends. These two ends form the pattern of
the bilayer and it is one of nature’s own patterns. The bilayer needs to have a
specific pattern and shape to allow materials through. These proteins give the
bilayer the ability for it to actively and passively transport.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Overall, in this lab, by making a mini model of the
phospholipid bilayer visually, it helped us provide a better understanding of
how the model comes together and interacts with all of the pieces. </span><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-63201178122104217932017-02-23T10:50:00.003-08:002017-02-23T10:50:43.281-08:00Semipermeable Phospholipid Bilayer Membrane 3d Model<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">This lab offered an interesting perspective on semipermeable membranes as it provided us with a visual example of the bonds between the phosphate groups along with a visual example of the protein that is embedded in multiple phosphate groups. The first step in the production of the semipermeable membrane was the idea of creating a few different phosphate groups which were visually represented by the different colored zometool sticks. Each phosphate group was assigned a certain color and that color stayed consistent throughout the entirety of that particular phosphate. The next step was the connection of the different phosphate groups through the glycerol fatty acids. Once the different phosphate groups were connected the protein was embedded and connected into the membrane. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In terms of using the description words and how they applied to today's activity, the idea of connecting and organizing the phosphate groups was certainly a characteristic of today's exercise. Along with connecting and organizing, imagination was also a very key characteristic of today's exercise as it took us a good fifteen minutes or so to be able to conceptually visualize what the semipermeable membrane would look like upon creation. Once we were able to visualize what it would look like, it certainly took a fair amount of planning, talking and reasoning to physically connect the phosphate groups together. Lastly, the words that were most commonly used in today’s lab were certainly the words, organizing, communicating and connecting. These words all relate back to the idea of what a semipermeable membrane is in the first place; through the bonds and connections and organization of the phosphate groups, which make up the membrane, the proteins embed themselves into this membrane in seemingly random pattern however, at the base of it there is a highly complex level of organization. </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><img alt="Screen Shot 2017-02-22 at 5.38.44 PM.png" height="243" src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/1S_NlU1Z_TnETpNivJyrlUQON1s164xTRcUfVQeZ1ykrYz4x5WKhqCRCtkbumRCl4abawadSZHy0KS18-Hl4IjxWtnI4usexVrgLrTUQLJM1-9irJ00FO3ac6gDz3UKxVexiR-fN" style="border: none; margin-right: 0px; transform: rotate(0rad);" width="314" /></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-41965342269906174972017-02-23T10:49:00.002-08:002017-02-23T10:49:16.814-08:00Constraints and innovations<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There were many constraints that came along with this lab. One of the first things that we encountered had to do with the size of our team. Communication and planning, especially with drafting up a sketch of our model, became more difficult. It was harder to stay connected with some of us working on different aspects of the project. Some of us would be working on individual amino acids while others put together more complex proteins or constructed the membrane. We had to also work with the constraints of the zometools. There are only certain ways in which we can connect them to one another. After our initial sketch, we had to attempt to build it before redrafting to create something that worked with our zometools rather than against them. We had to choose the right sizes and arrange them in a way that they could actually attach to one another. We innovated by sticking to our jobs and cooperating with one another to create the plan we imagined. We made sure that we talked throughout the process to ensure that we were all on the same page while our phospholipid bilayer membrane and permeating protein were constantly evolving. Another difficulty that we encountered was carefully making the protein permeate the phospholipid bilayer. The pieces are delicate and prone to falling apart. When we were connecting the membrane around and through the protein, we had to be sure to be extremely delicate.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Overall, this lab was fun in the way that we had to be organized in our approach and work through the problem thoughtfully as a team. Because one of our constraints was that we were not allowed to have straight lines, Kerry and I made sure that we put the lines into the balls at certain angles. We utilized lines of all sizes to make sure everything was connected. This required some approximate measurement on our part. Overall, though, we didn’t have many constraints except for the size of the materials and restrictions of what qualifies as a phospholipid bilayer membrane. Our innovations came from making sure that our membrane was able to hold the protein we initially built.</span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-70753134651089203902017-02-23T10:47:00.000-08:002017-02-23T10:47:09.487-08:00Laughing and Thinking, the basis for our labs<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Several of these words describe how we work as a group. Laughing is one of the biggest verbs that can describe a majority of our labs. A part of building with the zomtool kit is that sometimes it falls apart, and we laugh out our frustrations by diving back into the reconstruction. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">"Comparing" is another word that we use simply because we are often comparing our different constructions together to see what we are each coming up with. We also compared our lipid to models we found online and used that as a guidance for our construction.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">"Thinking" is probably the basis for all our labs. We have to think about how we are going to build, what ways we will build, what parts are working for us, and what isn't. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">We had to handle pieces gently, and make sure that they are in a position that was not unstable, but also stayed true to structural model we found online. PS: Sally has rather large hands, which is why we don't allow her to physically manipulate the zometool kit model; she does provide insight and points out where we can improve. </span></div>
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<img alt="<Messages Image(185628155).png>" class="Apple-web-attachment" data="cid:3801E570-D427-4EC3-9D02-7873C089B9D4@domain.actdsltmp" name="Messages Image(185628155).png" src="cid:FC24DCB8-6DCD-4963-B8A2-CCB1F14906F8@domain.actdsltmp" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;" type="application/x-apple-msg-attachment" /></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-74391854611207580122017-02-08T07:34:00.003-08:002017-02-08T07:34:33.947-08:00Connecting ideas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In lab today we created monomers and then put them together to create polymers. In doing this we were able to see patterns as well as variations in certain structures. We also had to think in creative ways to figure out how to connect our monomers. In the picture below you can see a symmetrical polymer with no variations from monomer to monomer.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The pattern can be obviously seen in this polymer as each monomer is exactly the same as the previous one. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This next polymer has a less obvious pattern, even though each monomer is the same there are variations in the way they connect to each other because they are rotated in different ways. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These variations resemble the variations in DNA, DNA is a helix pattern but a variation could cause one monomer to connect differently to the next. And then one organism could be completely different because of this variation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The next polymer does not have a distinct pattern:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Even though we cannot see a specific pattern it does not mean that there isn't one. If you spend enough time observing this polymer you could find a pattern or series of commonalities between some of the monomers.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The article we read at the beginning of the lab explained that the purpose of using legos to create monomers in this lab was to help create a better understanding of how monomers work and it also was supposed to create a fun way for students to learn about monomers and patterns. This lab was fun to do, using legos also helped us to engage our creative sides in lab which is usually left out of science class.</span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-54006520126391210712017-02-08T07:32:00.002-08:002017-02-08T07:32:25.152-08:00The building blocks of polymers<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Though the shape of the monomer is the same, the actual shape of the blocks differ, so the monomer could come out looking smaller or bigger depending on the individual building blocks. Symmetry was inevitable considering the monomer itself was symmetrical so everything built on top of it would be as well. My polymer did not have much dimension as I only built upwards but I could have easily expanded by building perpendicular. Branching was a frequent occurrence because the monomer had small branches as well. There were many spaces considered "hollowness" in between blocks because the monomers could not be connected perfectly within one another. The shape of the polymer seems to be heavily reliant on the shape of the original monomer. Polymers were much harder to connect because connecting large blocks by one segment of a monomer often led to breaking. </span></span></div>
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<div dir="ltr" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Using the blocks to create monomers was definitely a form of play. By playing with the blocks, we found that polymers can be, but don’t have to be linear structures. They can take on a life of their own without you even realizing. The “polymers” we built today were made out of many of the same shape over and over again. Depending on the arrangement of the monomers, an infinite amount of distinct and different polymers could be made. You could play all day with your monomers and never have a repeated polymer. In real life, these polymers could react differently with other polymers based on the way they fit together. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Using legos to form monomers and polymers allowed us to conceptualize the concept of creating random forms to make polymers.</span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Building monomers and polymers with Legos instigates the ‘play’ portion. When we play with basic guidelines, and lot can happen. New and interesting patterns emerge that perhaps could not be done otherwise without a light and relaxed atmosphere. </span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidptuB0uMwAa28lKqbxcu4yS0dSFvyvupq7ur87D7aTAKoMGMukCRjMOYQtg8cz6qG3tw38XJcXgfQEEoRvSDyvsTA4EyeqmGnYBaC3fENjvRiVWZIdM_n7OmwnYtdnafKwnuYb4jTHsA6/s1600/pasted+image+0.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidptuB0uMwAa28lKqbxcu4yS0dSFvyvupq7ur87D7aTAKoMGMukCRjMOYQtg8cz6qG3tw38XJcXgfQEEoRvSDyvsTA4EyeqmGnYBaC3fENjvRiVWZIdM_n7OmwnYtdnafKwnuYb4jTHsA6/s640/pasted+image+0.jpg" width="480" /></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">As the monomers start to come together the form that it creates becomes more distinct and less of a combination of smaller parts. While in the beginning the structure is just a couple of simple 5 block or so pieces the structure starts to become more than a sum of its parts as the monomers take on their own patterns in how they fit together. originally there is a pattern in your head that you are trying to recreate in lego, but as you play around with the simpler monomers and try to execute on the idea, the original plan starts to take deviations of its own. The monomers fit together in ways that you don’t plan and can't ‘see’ until you actually execute the design and experiment and play around with putting the pieces together.</span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-20900020497469677912017-02-08T07:28:00.001-08:002017-02-08T07:33:07.013-08:00Childhood complexity<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">At
the start of the lab our table group decided on the goal that we would all make
different monomers, and see if in the end our polymers had any similarities.
Some groups made monomers consisting of just three Lego blocks, others used the
maximum amount of Lego blocks to build their monomers. Everyone’s varying
monomers around the table looked like random Legos at first, but once we
started connecting our monomers to build polymers we were able to draw
similarities between them. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>One our discoveries that arose when
we all compared our polymers was that some of the resembled polymers found
online even though we did not google images before starting the lab. The
polymers below are tall and have pieces that jut out similar to the polymer
found online. This led us to the conclusion that when we do not try to reach a
predetermined goal like science typically teaches, but instead focus on the
process of getting to the goal the outcome is better than expected. In
connecting our topic for the semester, making the invisible visible we
discovered during this lab that the invisible is the learning that can be
achieved during the research process of science. And the visible part is the outcome
that scientists seek to reach before they start labs. <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When observing the patterns created by the monomers at our table,
it reminded us of how H20 molecules attach to each other to make the physical
substance of water. A single H20 molecule is simple: two hydrogen molecules and
one oxygen molecule. Yet as a whole, it’s difficult to observe the patterns of
many H20 molecules put together to create water. At first it may seem like
there is no pattern, especially when the angle constantly changes as we see
with our own Lego polymers, but nonetheless the pattern exists. Unlike our
polymer molecules there weren’t any positive or negative sides to create the
attachment between monomers, like how it chemically happens in between water
monomers, but since our selection of attachment was random we can compare the
randomness of it. Positive and negative side of water molecules attach
randomly, much like how we decided to attach our Lego monomers. The result is
similar images— random patterns. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-75014089101639359462017-02-08T07:25:00.001-08:002017-02-08T07:25:42.263-08:00Monomers to polymers: a transition<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5878549725049289551" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The majority of the nerds in this science lab played with Legos as children. By integrating those same building blocks we used to make battleships into a college workspace is not only helping us understand molecular evolution on a stronger scale, but also making it fun. Thus, using legos is an innovated way to enhance the learning experience. It is a new idea that is using old tricks!</span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Professor Hammer asks the question "How can I nudge [my students] towards a mental space where the visual outcome is just part of the imaginative process?" He says there is no one answer to any of the questions he asked. But, a path to lead to a possible answer is simple-- innovated learning. There is innovation with making us think this abstractly. </span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The fact that he purposefully does not want us to "mimic" any specific polymer is innovated in and of itself. This is making us think. We are changing our primary way of learning and turning it around for amazing results. These legos in this lab are making me and my lab mates change our perspectives on conventional learning experiences. It will help us exercise the mental muscles we need to have in order to participate in mind-boggling exercises. </span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I also love seeing the innovation how the blocks are being used. We are not making linear, solid blocks. We are creating beautiful multi-faceted mock polymers. Innovation is key in that. </span></span></div>
<div class="gmail-p1" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span class="gmail-s1"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="gmail-p2" style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Our group started out making simple monomers. They ranged in sizes (from 4 to 6 blocks each). As time went on, we connected these monomers with other monomers, making a more complex polymer. Most of the people started to build theirs high to the sky. There weren’t as many that reached out to the sides, which would probably have shown the true look of a polymer. I assume that these just don’t build themselves up straight. A few of the structures had a helical shape to it. The polymers did not really occur in conjunction with any sort of color, although that would have been visually appealing. Most of the polymers built were not too strong and could have been knocked over and destroyed with one fell swoop. The exercise allowed us to see what goes in to making a polymer and cleared up confusion as far as to how they are created. </span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-89792529655169304912017-02-08T06:52:00.001-08:002017-02-08T07:24:24.703-08:00Pattern and change<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="" style="font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">This week’s lab shows that pattern and change are concepts important not only to the field of biology, but to the creation of life itself. When building with legos, unexpected changes and patterns occurred. As a group, we all agreed that we gave life to the non-life by playing around with the legos, a concept we learned to be known as abiogenesis. We built monomers, “molecules that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form polymers” (</span><span class="" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Google</span><span class="" style="font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">). Polymers are “substances that have molecular structure consisting chiefly of large number of similar united bonded together” (</span><span class="" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Google</span><span class="" style="font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">).</span></span></div>
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<span class="" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">To begin the building process, some of us started off by creating a small molecule that acted as monomers with two 2x2 beige or gray Lego pieces and three 4x4 pieces of any color. We designed this monomer in a symmetrical way with two of the 4x2 pieces going vertically, one of the 4x2 pieces going horizontally, and the two 2x2 pieces connecting them at the intersections. Then, we repeated this process 27 more times and combined these molecules to create a polymer. After creating the polymer, we observed that there was a repeating pattern that emerged from the connecting the beige and gray 2x2 pieces. Also along the edges, there was a jagged pattern formed by the 4x2 pieces. The purpose of this lab for us to abstractly represent how individual monomers can form together to create a polymer. </span></div>
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<span class="" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">During this lab everyone had a unique monomer. Everyone went their own way. For some, they chose to use a intricate pattern while others chose a simple pattern. There were no common patterns between the polymers. The color between monomers were random. This was due to a lack in either the same color legos or a lack in time needed to separate legos base off color. The block sizes range from 2x2, 3x3, and 4x4. The final dimension for each polymer was different for everyone in the group. Some polymers were flat and linear while others were tall. However, there were a few exceptions that contain both features. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVK568uLHacQT75lDmALtwZaKLYZYvStqt4_Qz0Hp8FsOun3_PgriEMI6ZVbd3ezP-Wcw1hUxh31gayGSAP51qD5QJqfuv2AtKk9K9p_9Y-rET0toK34L3JROD7xhfobdPRaWlFmmgNyOr/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-02-06+at+11.57.40+AM.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVK568uLHacQT75lDmALtwZaKLYZYvStqt4_Qz0Hp8FsOun3_PgriEMI6ZVbd3ezP-Wcw1hUxh31gayGSAP51qD5QJqfuv2AtKk9K9p_9Y-rET0toK34L3JROD7xhfobdPRaWlFmmgNyOr/s640/Screen+Shot+2017-02-06+at+11.57.40+AM.jpg" width="488" /></a></span><br />
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<span class="" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">For most, the final polymer was symmetrical due to a continuation in their original pattern. But for others, their final polymers were different. Some polymer were asymmetrical and branched out into unpredictable shapes and sizes, and others, upon closer inspection, followed a definite and consistent pattern. Some of the polymers branched upward. Others branched outward, so there was a variation between short and tall structures. One of the polymers had sections of helical forms spiraling upward from the base. One polymer became a large stable structure with a lot of hollow space in the middle, while another formed a solid wall of legos, with no gaps. </span></div>
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<span class="" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">As previously said, in lecture, we discussed the theory of abiogenesis: the idea that life came from non-life. This is based on the idea that the conditions of the earth prior to life were suitable for molecules to build an environment conducive to life. This life would have came about from the sun scattering molecules until ultimately oxygen was made. In lab, we were able to explore different variations of molecules--we made small groups of atoms into larger molecules. Putting these molecules together, we each made unique molecules, and we each branched our molecules together. What we discovered was that these branches can take drastically different shapes. For example, they can be straight or angled, rigid or flexible, or horizontal and vertical. From our lab, we can begin to imagine what it would be like for molecular evolution to take place, but as we thought about life, we were able to realize how creative we are as human beings.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="" style="font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Irrefutably, this week’s lab also </span><span class="" style="background-color: white; font-size: 12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">demonstrates that complexity arises from simple things. We took simple, small and colorful legos to build complex, big and distinct monomers and polymers. From building upwards, downwards and sideways, patterns tended to arise on their own at different angles or even straight lines. Such interaction proves that molecules sometimes have a “mind of their own.” For example, attempting to build almost identical polymers was almost impossible. Does this mean that no polymer is exactly the same? In our opinion, we would say no because of what we discussed in last week’s lectures of how electrons get disrupted and fly out of orbit because of ultraviolet energy--causing the chemistry of the molecules to be altered and joined in random ways. Additionally, in this lab we compared the polymers to how RNA takes physical and chemical environments to make biological environments. This is due to the mechanistic theory, a concept that we experienced various times during this week’s lab. At least for some of us in the group, it was hard to keep the structure from falling apart. How come this happened to some and not to others? It depends on how the polymers were built and how strong their foundations at the bottom were (even though there is no top or bottom.) In both biology and in life, nothing is exactly identical. But there are patterns in the living world that demonstrate the origins of life and their role to their surrounding environments. </span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-91315034558918608262017-02-08T05:56:00.000-08:002017-02-08T05:56:16.896-08:00Molecular complexity: Complexity, symmetry, patterns, and the origin of life<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span id="docs-internal-guid-f57fd493-1df9-5e49-60fa-0998c5115f33"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My polymer was based on an asymmetrical monomer. I thought that I could create a spiral structure from these monomers, but their asymmetrical nature prevented a perfect spiral from happening. I decided to act like a monomer and just attach myself to the first thing I saw, and the polymer started to take shape. Though it wasn't the original design that I had intended to make, it did “spiral” in a way, making a new, unexpected pattern. This pattern worked better for the monomers than a traditional spiral would, making the emerging polymer easier to build on. If I continued to force a spiral pattern, my overall polymer would have suffered, so I had to think creatively and let the monomers do the work for me.</span></span></span><br />
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<br />
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span id="docs-internal-guid-f57fd493-1dfb-c9c8-a7d8-273f5a1d8a34"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When I started my monomer, it was rather planar. Initially, it started off symmetrical, but as I continued to build my polymer it became more asymmetrical. Rather than building upwards, I focused on expanding the width of it. It became very strong as I added more pieces because my structure had few gaps and was connected on all sides. Making the base strong was an important aspect of building this polymer as I observed that a weak base caused it to fall apart more frequently. I changed the shape multiple times, as it was difficult to find a pattern that supported the entire structure.</span></span></span><br />
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span id="docs-internal-guid-f57fd493-1dfc-1cd8-41e5-4dbd10d66d2c"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When I started my monomer I wasn’t sure how I should start to attach my monomers to form a polymer. At first, I randomly attached the monomers into a shape which was successful. However, I then googled images of RNA and DNA and found the strands fascinating and decided to try to create a strand of my own that reflected an RNA/ DNA strand. I created one long line of monomers and then attached separate monomers in an upside down “U” shaped form. I then attached the upside down “U”s to the base strand and kept attaching them until I ran out of legos. I found that the longer I made my polymer, the weaker it became. My polymer is a direct example of the article we read in the beginning of class. I made the invisible visible by creating a polymer, similar to DNA and RNA, both are invisible to the naked eye.</span></span></span><br />
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span id="docs-internal-guid-f57fd493-1dfc-6e95-7e1d-17ca7f589998"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I started by creating a 3 piece, purple and pink monomer. I realized that this was too simple, and I was going to have problems building my polymer, so I then added a two more legos, of different colors, creating a 5-piece monomer. I created a bunch of these, and then started to add them together, to create a polymer. I kept running into problems, because my polymer was too vertical, and wouldn’t stand up without falling apart, so I had to create a more dense molecule. Thus, by the end of the building process, I was left with a polymer like the one pictured above: dense, vertical, not symmetrical, and relatively color-coded (purple and pink, with variations in color to account for variations in the molecule, or areas of positivity/negativity). Compared to the rest of my group, my polymer was the most dense and vertical, while, for example, Dani’s was extremely symmetrical and not dense. This lab was able to answer questions, such as how does complexity arise from simple systems. By building molecules out of legos, we were able to see how such a simple system (i.e. a 3, or 5 piece monomer made out of legos), can create a dense and large, complex molecule. This molecule was also able to be interactive. For instance, the polymer was only able to take form, if every lego piece was able to fit together well, with the others. Thus, the legos had to work together, to form a complex object. </span></span></span><br />
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span id="docs-internal-guid-f57fd493-1dfc-c691-e408-85131b9e20d7"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> In regards to the article that we read prior to the experiment, I found it quite relevant to how I came to make my polymer and make what seems to be the invisible, visible and aesthetically pleasing. I first started off my lab by making a 4 piece monomer and as I built up and wider, my model became more asymmetrical and visibly pleasing to the eye. At first it started out a simple monomer, the same monomer that I repeated to make over and over again to then use to create a wider and taller polymer. I stuck to a color combination of pink, red, yellow and orange to help make it look more identifiable. I came into problem when attempting to put all of the replicated monomers together. As I built it out wider however, my polymer became stronger and I was successfully able to connect the pieces together without it falling apart on me. It was interesting to see how something as small and simple as building legos, can turn into these beautifully arranged pieces that stand in to replicate molecules and RNA/DNA strands. Mine in comparison to the others at my table was about the same width but slightly shorter in height. It was interesting to see everyone’s variations of monomers constructed and see all the lego pieces come together to work as a cohesive unit of a polymer.</span></span></span><br />
<span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<span id="docs-internal-guid-f57fd493-1dfd-dca5-28bf-b5968798f49b"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><img height="217" src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/8y_yyHK8bDGsNKqpizSY1ffIWhfdqqpL1e9IDH26bkXg2oDXhvEpM0hR3MtLoqZpi9DNcs8aZuXswjF-XMf4ZvvbQcAUnvOre5O9nubyMQ10XD5p570ngr6PVWbYXjGXX8walenw" style="-webkit-transform: rotate(0.00rad); border: none; transform: rotate(0.00rad);" width="290" /></span></span></div>
Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-23003102593494143052017-02-08T05:45:00.002-08:002017-02-08T05:45:33.295-08:00Molecular development, monomers and polymers<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I started
with a 3D monomer, however, it had a very weak base of just one legos piece.
Because of this the polymer that was created was skinny and unstable. Each
additional monomer that was placed added to the complexity of the polymer. It
gave the polymer a different look/character. Yet the polymer had a limit as to
how complex it could be due to physical constraints. The amount of large legos
pieces needed became scarce thus making it impossible to make anymore alike
monomers. In turn making it unfeasible to add to the polymer.</span></span><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<img src="webkit-fake-url://64a64d37-a50a-4f58-a956-c0bb569c4dd6/application.pdf" /><img src="webkit-fake-url://173ece1f-3a7e-4d67-95f7-9dde4fb32d72/application.pdf" /><br />
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">I started building monomers just with 5
pieces of legos and connected the five parts of the legos and made it into
polymers (1st and 2nd picture). The last picture is the result of combination
of complex polymers addition with monomers connected to each other. Comparing
to the first step I took from 5 pieces of legos, the amount of legos at the
last part is uncountable and has more 3D shape.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This
exercise reflects to the reading <i>Nano modeling with Lego Bricks</i>, showing
the different steps of how simple “monomer” could transfer to series of
monomers to polymer to complex polymer. This lab makes the students to ask
different questions on stability and strength of legos based on their
structures. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In terms of
constraints, the types of pieces we had really limited our building options. In
the end, we were all scrambling for the last 2x2 pieces. When those ran out, we
were forced to use different pieces to continue building our monomer. This
could be viewed as a mutation of some kind, because we have to adapt and change
to nature’s limitations. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">And as I
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Even though
our lego constructions (polymers) turned out to be complex structures, they
didn’t have to be “complex” in the way we understood them. Because we were
developing them from the ground up, we could see the individual, simple
monomers that made up our polymers. I feel I developed a better understanding
of polymers in general because I knew I wasn’t looking at one complex
structure, but an amalgamation of different parts. </span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">I started with a Z shape monomer. This
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">while also building up. Eventually, my
wall reached 5 levels high, by just duplicating this piece. It was amazing how
complex the creation got as it was built more and more. I could see the
monomers combining to make a complex sculpture. I also saw many patterns
emerging, not only in the building itself, but even in the shadows that
streamed through the gaps in the wall. This experiment helps us understand how
life comes from the smallest building blocks by using, well, building blocks to
simulate how organic structures are made. it ‘s amazing to think how much
effort it took to build a relatively simple structure here, and how much more
complex the organic constructions within our body must be. </span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A monomer starts it all. Choosing a symmetrical monomer leads to a
structure that is repetitive and neat. When you make an asymmetrical monomer,
the polymer is not the most perfect repeating structure. My structure was a
touch asymmetrical therefore when I combined the monomers I attached them in a
way that turned the overall structure into a symmetrical one.</span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-34577101359477438592017-02-08T05:33:00.003-08:002017-02-08T05:36:48.301-08:00Patterns and play with legos<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "uictfonttextstylebody"; font-size: 17px;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">This week’s lab was the perfect example of the power of play. Building monomers out of legos and then connecting them truly does show how polymers are just repeating patterns. Furthermore, everything in nature is just repeating patterns. On a molecular level atoms have repeating patterns and they create larger patterns such as the uniformity of snowflakes or the spirals in a seashell. These bigger concepts are what makes the power of play invigorating; we would not have pondered these questions if it wasn’t for the time and energy we put into creating these models during lab.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1oFsSfpfVLf-nfBjQdzt_pRt1HiJuZvnR8wPnSTAknuvqLRTWz3xhC3IvZBaRRmqwx9Q1_-F22Ci-vasVHU3xbA_oNDawvud0RYq-flpwoAesjz-9bXr-axrlwRnepnCXvmLRDyteAULf/s1600/IMG_2866.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1oFsSfpfVLf-nfBjQdzt_pRt1HiJuZvnR8wPnSTAknuvqLRTWz3xhC3IvZBaRRmqwx9Q1_-F22Ci-vasVHU3xbA_oNDawvud0RYq-flpwoAesjz-9bXr-axrlwRnepnCXvmLRDyteAULf/s320/IMG_2866.jpg" width="240" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgalmCExwDX7mFvDg6vcf0IZQ46C-mn_fFKUEBN0-vAoY9Et7UwW4U2xQvN0OoPX3rh370z_YlStdf3j5JfO0XtKWed8vCcrlPD_FmGxFT5_31IqmgQZnZH64nU79vpMzCtdAiq-HryWb8C/s1600/IMG_0146.jpg" imageanchor="1"> <img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgalmCExwDX7mFvDg6vcf0IZQ46C-mn_fFKUEBN0-vAoY9Et7UwW4U2xQvN0OoPX3rh370z_YlStdf3j5JfO0XtKWed8vCcrlPD_FmGxFT5_31IqmgQZnZH64nU79vpMzCtdAiq-HryWb8C/s320/IMG_0146.jpg" width="240" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br style="font-size: 17px;" /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"></span><br style="font-size: 17px;" /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> The trick in this lab was knowing that somehow our patterned monomers were going to come together to create something else. In our minds, it was something we kept looking out for. It was exactly what we learned in lab. Abiogenesis or molecular evolution: creating life from non life. Simple molecules to complex molecules. Our simple monomers came together to create a more complex figure.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ6u4qHX4YoVdDk__pmyMJG88qtLNB5Y-SwYMfr3PtsYdLBJXI1uNmBW7NaVFXLbThRoH9tO_F62XrgmjYdwktajK_2GP-l0krOg_j9R1Cqmxj1NTd9pPFZ9eym4ka7hz3NvlMjERNIjbc/s1600/IMG_5038.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ6u4qHX4YoVdDk__pmyMJG88qtLNB5Y-SwYMfr3PtsYdLBJXI1uNmBW7NaVFXLbThRoH9tO_F62XrgmjYdwktajK_2GP-l0krOg_j9R1Cqmxj1NTd9pPFZ9eym4ka7hz3NvlMjERNIjbc/s400/IMG_5038.jpg" width="300" /></a></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br style="font-size: 17px;" /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"></span><br style="font-size: 17px;" /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">The process to creating these polymers was quite spontaneous. Yes, we had some shapes in mind when building off our monomers, but that quickly changed as there were so many unusual connections to be made from the legos. It was hard to keep track, and that led to each of us creating an authentic complex shapes.</span><br />
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<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGsYHq1WsYkCWfn6mnaZxKX1gAzlp4qywQJkrJ0ND-1rCE37R3d_Jxb7Xhxo34oisgvmPbABRVF9-H4Ht36mfea5oFH17Lom1vJyx2LVzHARE9aovCCB11PFOuyWXoYF-zhTp8awhqYQKR/s1600/IMG_5040.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGsYHq1WsYkCWfn6mnaZxKX1gAzlp4qywQJkrJ0ND-1rCE37R3d_Jxb7Xhxo34oisgvmPbABRVF9-H4Ht36mfea5oFH17Lom1vJyx2LVzHARE9aovCCB11PFOuyWXoYF-zhTp8awhqYQKR/s400/IMG_5040.jpg" width="300" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "uictfonttextstylebody"; font-size: 17px;"></span><br style="font-family: UICTFontTextStyleBody; font-size: 17px;" />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">We learned a lot with this lab, especially on the topic of patterns and molecule complexity. Patterns couldn’t exactly form if there wasn’t enough stability in the monomers to come together and form a polymer. This brought out some important lessons on what makes a molecule strong and able to interact monomer to monomer. As we continued to build up the shape and size of the molecule, it may become more unstable and thus we needed to make changes the structure in order to connect the monomers and form patterns.</span></div>
Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-88833635874620243582017-02-02T11:32:00.003-08:002017-02-02T11:32:40.128-08:00Water flows, just like our imaginations<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Today in lab, the main task was to play with water and observe the different behaviors it displayed as we mixed and added different substances. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Our lectures on water have taught us the "scientific reality" of water, and in lab, we explored the "manifest reality" of water. We don't actually see the electrons and behaviors of the molecules, but we see the behavior of the water as a result of this microscopic activity. Through what we see, we can conclude that the things we've learned are correct even though we don't have a microscope. </span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Water is something that we deal with every single day. We know the characteristics of water, but we have never seen the individual molecules. Their characteristics, although so small they are invisible, become visible in the characteristics of a whole bunch of these molecules together (e.g. a small beaker of water). </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Here is an excerpt from what some of our fellow peers did today!</span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">"<span style="color: #454545; white-space: pre-wrap;">It was when we added salt that the water became cloudy, because the salt dissolved in the water, making it a solvent. We added a piece of paper towel, and it didn’t really do much besides float, and becomes soaked(obviously). We then put a piece of clay to complete the tiny island we accumulated at the bottom of the beaker, and it made the water level rise. What we noticed overall, was that when a new object entered the water, the hydrogen bonds break, but quickly recover. There was evident cohesion, which the water group into molecules in some parts of the beaker."</span></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the context of constraints and innovations, water is used as the energy source for many environmental innovations. For example, water mills use moving water as a mechanical energy source. The unique characteristic about water that makes it so helpful in this application is the fact that it will keep flowing past the mill, seemingly undisturbed. The water because of its liquid state can not be stopped by most solid obstacles. </span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">What use is innovation you ask? Well, by using natural and simple resources like water, we will hopefully be able to stop using wasteful fossil fuels and use renewable energy like water. Water can be used to help save our environment, but at the same time our lack of diligence has caused a water crisis. This makes it more difficult to harness the very helpful energy of water. Tidal turbines could come in handy in this case, because of its vastness, but the repercussions for the wildlife and high cost make it an unpopular and nearly impossible task. </span></div>
</div>
Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-54478576832363525222017-02-02T11:29:00.002-08:002017-02-02T11:31:22.799-08:00Properties of water demonstrated<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In this water experiment, our
six-member group was divided into 3 pairs mixing different materials with water
to see how water reacts in various environments. The first group mixed water
with sand; the second group mixed water with a sponge and rope; the third group
mixed water with a clay piece. Each group finished with different results with
the water. No reactions took place in the experiment with water and sand. The
sand simply settled on the bottom of the water in the tray because sand itself
is heavier than water, therefore, it does not float. Next what happened in the
experiment with water and sponge was quite interesting. When we placed the
sponge in the water, the sponge itself simply sucked up all the water immediately
reducing the water amount in the tray. In addition, when the rope was mixed
with the water, it softened and expanded. Lastly, in the experiment with water
and clay, the clay did not react much to the water although it softened the
clay a bit and made it sticky.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In relating to what we learned in
lectures, this lab was able to highlight just how fast the water demonstrated
adhesion and cohesion to different surfaces. By pouring the water on the salt
initially, we were able to observe a quick spread of water throughout the pan
and what parts were able to adhere to the different surfaces. Pouring water on
the sponge displayed the surface tension of water and force of cohesion between
the water molecules as well as the force of adhesion between the water and the
extremely dry sponge that is caused by the hydrogen bonds and their
polarity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even now, the rope seems to
shimmer with droplets of water clinging to it, and the clays base and changed
texture after the water had enveloped it. These acts all came together to make
the very invisible and subtle effects of adhesion and cohesion visible to us
all.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <img height="400" src="webkit-fake-url://1656eeda-b77a-496b-afeb-5faacfce5c0f/application.pdf" width="298" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Relating this to our topic on
patterns, some of the things we have noticed while experimenting with water is
the dish washing pad. We noticed that when we poured water slowly on the pad,
spherical droplets of water formed and continued until we stopped pouring. Once
we stopped pouring, the water filled in the empty pores and formed patterns on
the pad. Additionally, water can be present in different forms. It could expand
materials and it could also be sucked up by materials. Therefore, water can be
considered as a natural beauty because it could do so many amazing stuff.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">In conclusion, this experiment
helped understand how to articulate a scientific narrative by observing
abstract signals from nature. Similar to what it is stated on the lab 2
information sheet, abstract features “combine to create an aesthetic, which
makes ‘sense’ out of random signals”. This basically means that small
meaningless details can come together to create a bigger picture. Relating this
to today’s lab, each water droplet, which was meaningless to the eye by itself,
came together to create a significant body of water. We usually observe these
abstract signals as a collection rather than looking at the deeper abstract
details. Instead, we should look at the abstract in order to understand how the
bigger picture is formed. We are able to see the body of water because the
water droplets come together because of cohesion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-85215069318586210882017-02-02T11:28:00.003-08:002017-02-02T11:28:37.991-08:00How do biological systems give us clues/tools that we can use to build better human systems? <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: center;">
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<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In our lab, we decided to use a sponge. The sponge can act as moss, soil, leaves, etc. in nature. The sponge acted as an absorbent that collected water, similar to the things listed above that collects rain water. However, once the sponge reaches it's peak of taking in water, the water is no longer able to absorbed. This can be compared to the soil in nature. When soil is too damp and reaches it's capacity to hold water, a flood occurs. </span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Despite the setbacks of limiting absorption of the sponge, sponges can still be a tool to people. For example, there is an experiment that is being done with a new "sponge-tool," where if a soldier has an open wound with intense bleeding, another soldier will be able to administer a capsule sponge. This will expand upon contact with the blood. Thus, stopping or significantly slowing down blood loss. This "sponge-tool" can save many lives on the battlefield. </span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span id="gmail-docs-internal-guid-32277c82-fbb1-3f5f-f7a6-774f1a8ec36c"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">If we discuss adhesion, the water molecules stick to the sponge causing the sponge to expand. Water molecules are absorbed through the holes in the sponge, which later pushes the sponge's inner walls to inflate. Mass flow can be used to explain this simple experiment because every water molecule becomes intertwined with the water sponge molecules. We also observed that the sponge was floating above the water before it absorbed the water, so the hydrogen bonds were strong until they broke due to the sponge entering the water surface. </span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">This arises among polar molecules or among polar regions of molecules, though they relatively weak but strong when there are a lot together. These hydrogen bonds are temporary and easily broken, and this was seen when the sponge was placed into the water. </span></div>
</span></span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5878549725049289551.post-1379366965608867032017-02-02T11:27:00.003-08:002017-02-02T11:27:54.113-08:00Exploration of Water<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this "exploration of water " lab we experiment with water and other solubles such as sand, salt, clay, sponges, and dishwasher pads. When we poured salt in water it mostly dissolved sand is denser therefore it sank to the bottom, and clay absorbed the water but water also started to dissolve clay. We then tried with different amounts of each variable to see how it would react and we noticed that everything is denser so it’ll sink. If you drop different sized pieces of clay into the water it’ll react due to break in surface tension. The sponge soaked up most of the water and sand solute if it is less dense leaving the mass of sand at the bottom; this is a good example of cohesion and adhesion.</span></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; line-height: normal;">
<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This lab connected to our lectures because we started to discuss the movement of water, mass flow, and how it reacts to different molecules. </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We can create a scientific story by observing different and unusual aspects of nature that on a normal basis we wouldn’t. For example, you can admire and appreciate the beauty of water by going to a flowing river up in the Catskill mountains. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By actually seeing, touching and being involved with different elements of the earth it makes it much easier to remember information and how our world works when we are given the chance to visualize the content we learn. We were able to break down advance information into simpler terms by doing something fun. Lab is all about turning something “invisible” into something “visible” because we are always applying what we learn. Last week our table chose the study of “play” and you can connect the physical activity in this lab to that one. We had to discuss our actions as a group and interpret what we observed. We can include the subtopics from “the power of play” to this water experiment because we all had to work in pairs or individually to conclude observations. We got to explore our hypothesis by doing the work and playing around with the material which helped us understand. Our brains are stimulated by visual ideas and it can incorporate the text book material we learn to our lab, its fascinating to see how the right and left side of the brain work together. </span></div>
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Samhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02853318053618422097noreply@blogger.com0